Quartz

Quartz is the second most plentiful mineral in Earth’s deposit, occurring naturally in acid igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Its natural structure is strong and highly resistant to weathering. At the same time, it serves as a building material for engineering other kinds of stones. 

• Countertops: Quartz countertops are mostly made of engineered versions. However, it loses nothing of the convenience - in fact, engineered quartz is very tough, resistant to water and stains, and best of all - bacteria. 
• Tabletops: A quartz table is suitable for indoor and outdoor use, as the main dining table, coffee table, or a set of side tables. 
• Kitchen Backsplash: This material is non-porous and resistant to grease and stains. In addition, a quartz backsplash can pose as an attractive accent feature and a continuation of the kitchen countertop.
• Fireplaces: A quartz slab is less heat-resistant than granite, but only mildly susceptible to direct contact between its surface and heat source. It’s a good, attractive solution for a mantel to upgrade the look of a fireplace.
• Flooring and walling: Engineered quartz can be produced in massive slabs. Those have a broad commercial application in ample spaces such as malls or airport halls. Eliminating a number of joins and grouts improves the floor’s resistance to heavy foot traffic. On top of it, a substantial slab with an exotic surface makes an impressive vertical accent. 

The colours and surfaces of rocks are determined by their mineral composition, as well as their origin. Quartz stone types can be distinguished by colour, pattern, and crystal structures. 

Quartz is a chemically very pure material. However, colour varieties still occur due to impurities. Its colour varieties influenced by trace elements built into the lattice are just a few:

• Smoky quartz
• Pink Quartz/Rose quartz
• Citrine
• Amethyst
• Prasiolite

• Ametrine
• Carnelian
• Onyx
• Jasper
• Agate
• Tiger’s eye 
• Milky quartz

Colour varieties also depend on the geographical origin, with some worldwide recognised types being: 

• Amarelo do Macaubas: Brazilian yellow species, also known as Giallo Macauba and Aden Quartzite.
• Azul Imperial: Another Brazilian natural variety, also known by the alternative name Imperial Blue, is characterised by its mix of shades ranging from blue to violet and purple.
• Carolina Quartzite: A Brasilian version of grainy pink rock with a grainy appearance. 
• Masi Quartzite: Blue quartz from Norway, characterised by a deep blue-green-grey surface. 
• Offerdal: A variety from Sweden, deep green quartz with an almost black appearance. 
• Rosa Quartzite: Pink-ish, grainy species from Brazil, also known as Flamenco. 

White quartz is a popular option, highly sought after. Its natural varieties are mainly found in the regions of Brazil, South Africa, and the USA. Depending on the location, the colour is widely distinguished. Treating white slabs at a high temperature can deliver an attractive, transparent form reminiscent of clear quartz. However, a perfectly white surface is also available in the form of an engineered stone, with over 90% natural content. 

Similar to limestone being recognised by its fossil content, this rock is famous for the beautiful crystals it forms. A large variety in shapes and colours of crystals comes mainly from differences in environments and growth conditions, including temperature and pressure. 

Crystals are the essential elements of quartz slabs and tiles, adding aesthetic value with transparent, colourful, glass-like glitz. Engineered quartzite also owes its appeal to these crystals, presenting a major portion of its content. 

“The first choice” is the premium grade of quartz slabs and countertops. It’s characterised by vibrant colouring, a smooth finish, and a minimum amount of veins. This class is sometimes hard to distinguish from polished marble. 

Commercial grade is quite durable and broadly used in hotels, bars and restaurants. It boasts similar features as the first choice, for a more affordable price. 

“The second choice” or a builder’s grade marks the most basic category with decent quality for a budget-friendly price. Its downside is the look, with a lack of lustre and colour vibrancy. 

The maintenance requirements are relatively low. In contrast to porous stones, such as travertine, it typically does not require sealing. The essential caring methods include regular rubbing with a wet cloth and a mild cleaner without abrasives.